This article refers to the visa requirements of Chinese citizens with the right of abode in Mainland China. See Visa requirements for Chinese citizens of Hong Kong and Visa requirements for Chinese citizens of Macau for the visa requirements of Chinese citizens with the right of abode in Hong Kong and Macau respectively. See Visa requirements for Taiwanese citizens for visa requirements for bearers of Republic of China (Taiwan) passports.
An ordinary Chinese passport
Visa requirements for Chinese citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of China by the authorities of other states.
As of 8 January 2019,[update] Chinese citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 74 countries and territories, ranking the Chinese passport 69th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]
Contents
1 Historical perspective
2 Visa requirements map
3 Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan
4 Visa requirements
5 Dependent, disputed, or restricted territories
6 Non-ordinary passports
7 APEC Business Travel Card
8 Non-visa restrictions
8.1 Passport validity length
8.2 Blank passport pages
8.3 Vaccination
8.4 Israeli stamps
8.5 Armenian ethnicity
8.6 Criminal record
8.7 Persona non grata
8.8 Fingerprinting
9 Foreign travel statistics
10 See also
11 References and Notes
11.1 Notes
Historical perspective[edit]
Before February 2014, Chinese immigration authorities did not generally allow mainland Chinese citizens to board outbound flights without having a valid visa for the destination country, even if the destination country granted a visa on arrival to Chinese passport holders, unless the exit was approved by the Ministry of Public Security. Exceptions were possible if the traveller had a third country’s visa and a connecting flight from the initial destination country to the third country.[2][3] As of 10 June 2017,[update] if the destination is a visa-on-arrival or e-visa issuing country this approval is no longer needed.
Visa requirements for Chinese citizens were lifted by Micronesia on 18 December 1980,[4] the Bahamas on 12 Feb 2014, Indonesia in 2015, Grenada on 10 Jun 2015, Ecuador on 1 March 2016, Morocco on 1 June 2016, Tonga on 19 August 2016, Saint Kitts and Nevis on 1 January 2017, Serbia on 15 January 2017, Tunisia on 15 February 2017, Barbados on 1 June 2017, United Arab Emirates on 16 January 2018, Bosnia and Herzegovina on 29 May 2018, British Virgin Islands on 5 July 2018,[5] St Lucia on 18 July 2018,[6] Belarus on 10 August 2018, Qatar on 21 Dec 2018.
Visas on arrival were introduced by Azerbaijan on 1 February 2016,[7] Brunei on 23 May 2016, Ukraine on 1 October 2016, Armenia on 10 November 2016, Sao Tome and Principe on 5 April 2017, Qatar on 22 June 2017, Gabon on 12 October 2017, Rwanda on 1 January 2018, Benin on 15 March 2018, Zimbabwe on 1 July 2018 and Myanmar on 1 October 2018.
Chinese citizens were made eligible for eVisas by India on 30 July 2015, Lesotho on 1 May 2017, Djibouti on 18 February 2018, Oman on 7 May 2018 and Uzbekistan on 15 July 2018.
Visa requirements map[edit]
Visa-free travel for PRC citizens holding ordinary or public affairs passports
Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan[edit]
Visa requirements[edit]
Dependent, disputed, or restricted territories[edit]
Unrecognized or partially recognized countries
Dependent and autonomous territories
Other Territories
Australia. Ashmore and Cartier Islands – Special authorisation required.[381]
Colombia. San Andrés and Leticia – Visitors arriving at Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport and Alfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport must buy tourist cards on arrival.
Crimea – Visa issued by Russia is required.[382]
Ecuador. Galápagos – Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[383]
Eritrea outside Asmara – To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[384]
Fiji. Lau Province – Special permission required.[385]
Greece Mount Athos – Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors’ quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[386][387]
India. Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[388][389][390][391]
Iran. Kish Island – Visa not required.[392]
Kazakhstan. Closed cities – Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[393]
Malaysia. Sabah and Sarawak – Visa not required. These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[394]
Maldives outside Malé – Permission required. Tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[395]
North Korea outside Pyongyang – Special permit required. People are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving).
Russia – Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[396]
Saudi Arabia Mecca and Medina – Special access required. Non-Muslims and those following the Ahmadiyya religious movement are strictly prohibited from entry.
Sudan. Darfur – Separate travel permit is required.[397]
Sudan outside Khartoum – All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Tajikistan. Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province – OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[398][399]
Turkmenistan. Closed cities – A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[400]
United States. Closed city of Mercury, Nevada, United States – Special authorization is required for entry into Mercury.
United States. United States Minor Outlying Islands – Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[401][402][403][404][405][406][407]
Venezuela. Margarita Island – Visa not required. All visitors are fingerprinted.[408]
Vietnam. Phú Quốc – Visa not required for 30 days.[409]
Yemen outside Sana’a or Aden – Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[410]
UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus – Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.[411]
Korean Demilitarized Zone – Restricted area.
UNDOF Zone and Ghajar – Restricted area.
Non-ordinary passports[edit]
Visa requirements for Chinese citizens holding diplomatic or service passports, based solely on bilateral agreements. People’s Republic of China Visa free access for holders of both diplomatic and service passports Visa free access for holders of diplomatic passports only
Holders of Chinese diplomatic or service passports have visa-free access to additional countries.
APEC Business Travel Card[edit]
Full members of the scheme Transitional members (United States, Canada)
Holders of an APEC Business Travel Card (ABTC) travelling on business do not require a visa to the following countries:[412]
1 – up to 90 days
2 – up to 60 days
3 – up to 59 days
The card must be used in conjunction with a passport and has the following advantages:[413]
no need to apply for a visa or entry permit to APEC countries, as the card is treated as such (except by Canada and United States)
undertake legitimate business in participating economies
expedited border crossing in all member economies, including transitional members
expedited scheduling of visa interview (US)
Non-visa restrictions[edit]
This section is transcluded from Non-visa travel restrictions. (edit | history)
Passport validity length[edit]
In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid at least 6 months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[414] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d’Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[415] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela and Vietnam.[416]
Turkey requires passports to be valid for at least 150 days upon entry.
Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.
Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months beyond the period of intended stay include European Union countries (except the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom), Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland (and always excepting EU/EEA/Swiss nationals), Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova, New Zealand and 3 months validity on arrival in Albania, Honduras, Macedonia, Panama, Qatar and Senegal.
Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.
Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the period of intended stay include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau and South Africa.
Other countries require either a passport valid on arrival or a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay. Some countries have bilateral agreements with other countries to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other’s citizens[417][418] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[419]
Blank passport pages[edit]
Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages in the passport being presented, generally one or two pages.[420] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being available.
Vaccination[edit]
An International Certificate of Vaccination required to prove that someone has been vaccinated against yellow fever
Main article: Carte Jaune
Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination.
Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has recently visited one.[421]
Israeli stamps[edit]
Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)
Kuwait,[422] Lebanon,[423] Libya,[424] Saudi Arabia,[425] Sudan,[426] Syria[427] and Yemen[428] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.
To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals’ passports on either entry to or exit from Israel. Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport, giving passengers a card instead that reads: “Since January 2013 a pilot scheme has been introduced whereby visitors are given an entry card instead of an entry stamp on arrival. You should keep this card with your passport until you leave. This is evidence of your legal entry into Israel and may be required, particularly at any crossing points into the Occupied Palestinian Territories.” [429] Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017[update]) stamped at Erez when travelling into and out of Gaza. Also, passports are still stamped (as of 22 June 2017[update]) at the Jordan Valley/Sheikh Hussein and Yitzhak Rabin/Arava land borders with Jordan.
Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.
Armenian ethnicity[edit]
Main article: Armenia–Azerbaijan relations
Due to a state of war existing between Armenia and Azerbaijan, the government of Azerbaijan not only bans entry of citizens from Armenia, but also all citizens and nationals of any other country who are of Armenian descent, to the Republic of Azerbaijan[430][431] (although there have been exceptions, notably for Armenia’s participation at the 2015 European Games held in Azerbaijan).
Azerbaijan also strictly bans any visit by foreign citizens to the separatist region of Nagorno-Karabakh[432] (the de facto independent Republic of Artsakh), its surrounding territories and the Azerbaijani exclaves of Karki, Yuxarı Əskipara, Barxudarlı and Sofulu which are de jure part of Azerbaijan but under control of Armenia, without the prior consent of the government of Azerbaijan. Foreign citizens who enter these occupied territories will be permanently banned from entering the Republic of Azerbaijan[433] and will be included in their “list of personae non gratae”.[434] As of January 2019 the list contains 795 persons.
Upon request, the authorities of the largely unrecognized Republic of Artsakh may attach their visa and/or stamps to a separate piece of paper in order to avoid detection of travel to their country.
Criminal record[edit]
Some countries (for example: Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States [435]) routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record.
Persona non grata[edit]
The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning their entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.
Attempts to enter the Gaza strip by sea may attract a 10-year ban on entering Israel.[citation needed]
Fingerprinting[edit]
Main article: Countries applying biometrics
Iris recognition biometric systems apply mathematical pattern-recognition techniques to images of the irises of an individual’s eyes.
Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest those travellers that refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to quickly change planes rather than go landside.[436]
Fingerprinting countries include Afghanistan,[437][438] Argentina,[439]
Brunei,
Cambodia,[440]
China,[441]
Ethiopia,[442]
Ghana, India,
Japan,[443][444]
Malaysia upon entry and departure,[445]
Paraguay, Saudi Arabia,[446] Singapore, South Korea,[447] and Taiwan.[448]
Additionally, the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[449][450]
Foreign travel statistics[edit]
This section is transcluded from Chinese passport. (edit | history)
These are the numbers of Chinese visitors to various countries or territories:
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Counting only guests in tourist accommodation establishments.
^ a b Data for arrivals by air only.
^ a b c Including Hong Kong.
^ Including Hong Kong and Macau.
^ Data for arrivals by air only.
^ Total number includes tourists, business people, students, exchange visitors, temporary workers and families, diplomats and other representatives and all other classes of non-immigrant admissions (I-94).
See also[edit]
China portal
Visa policy of China
Chinese passport
References and Notes[edit]
^ “The Henley Passport Index” (PDF). Henley & Partners Holdings Ltd. 8 January 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2019. This graph shows the full Global Ranking of the 2019 Henley Passport Index. As the index uses dense ranking, in certain cases, a rank is shared by multiple countries because these countries all have the same level of visa-free or visa-on-arrival access..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:”””””””‘””‘”}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url(“//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png”)no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url(“//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png”)no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url(“//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png”)no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(“//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png”)no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
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^ “Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island Marine Reserves – Information for Visitors”. Retrieved August 4, 2017.
^ “Foreigners Now Need Russian Visa to Visit Crimea”.
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^ “Malaysia Country Specific Information”. Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on November 28, 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
^ “Maldives Country Specific Information”. Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on December 2, 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
}
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^ “Republic of South Sudan Country Specific Information”. Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
^ “Pamirs – the roof of the world”. www.pamirs.org.
^ “Tajikistan-Visa”. 27 April 2012.
^ “Archived copy”. Archived from the original on 2014-03-14. Retrieved 2016-01-11.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
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^ “Yemen Country Specific Information”. Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on November 14, 2013. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
^ “Archived copy”. Archived from the original on 2014-10-21. Retrieved 2014-08-01.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ “The Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Business Travel Card”. www.apec.org.
^ “APEC Business Travel Card”.[permanent dead link]
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^ Timatic
^ “Foreign Affairs Manual, 9 FAM 403.9-3(B)(2) f”. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
^ “How long should my passport be valid when traveling to the United States?” (PDF). U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
^ “Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports”. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Republic of Turkey. Archived from the original on 8 October 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2018. Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports: 1. Germany – Passports expired within the last year / ID’s expired within the last year, 2. Belgium – Passports expired within the last 5 years, 3. France – Passports expired within the last 5 years, 4. Spain – Passports expired within the last 5 years, 5. Switzerland – Passports expired within the last 5 years, 6. Luxemburg – Passports expired within the last 5 years, 7. Portugal – Passports expired within the last 5 years, 8. Bulgaria – Valid ordinary passport
^ “Country Information”. Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 11 September 2017.
^ Country list – Yellow fever vaccination requirements and recommendations; and malaria situation; and other vaccination requirement
^ Travel Advice for Lebanon – Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Archived 2008-12-24 at the Wayback Machine and Lebanese Ministry of Tourism Archived 2009-03-27 at the Wayback Machine
^ “Travel Advice for Libya – Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade”. Smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 2013-06-22. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
^ Michael Freund, Canada defends Saudi policy of shunning tourists who visited Israel, 2008-12-07, Jerusalem Post
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^ Azerbaijan doesn’t allow Armenians in the country – Panarmenian.net
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^ Calder, Simon (24 April 2017). “Airline lobbying for a relaxation of draconian rules for London-Auckland travellers”. The Independent. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Travellers heading west from the UK to New Zealand may soon be able to avoid the onerous requirement to clear US border control during the refuelling stop at Los Angeles airport (LAX). Unlike almost every other country in the world, the US insists on a full immigration check even for travellers who simply intend to re-board their plane to continue onwards to a foreign destination. Air New Zealand, which flies daily from Heathrow via Los Angeles to Auckland, says there are currently “strict requirements for travellers” in transit at LAX. Through passengers to Auckland on flight NZ1 or Heathrow on NZ2 must apply in advance for an ESTA (online visa) even though they have no intention of staying in the US. They also have to undergo screening by the Transportation Security Administration.
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1 British Overseas Territories. 2 Open border with Schengen Area. 3 Russia is a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. The vast majority of its population (80%) lives in European Russia. 4 Turkey is a transcontinental country in the Middle East and Southeast Europe. Has a small part of its territory (3%) in Southeast Europe called Turkish Thrace. 5 Abkhazia9, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and South Ossetia9 are often regarded as transcontinental countries. Both have a small part of their territories in the European part of the Caucasus. 6 Kazakhstan is a transcontinental country. Has a small part of its territories located west of the Urals in Eastern Europe. 7 Armenia, Artsakh9, Cyprus, and Northern Cyprus9 are entirely in Southwest Asia but having socio-political connections with Europe.
8 Egypt is a transcontinental country in North Africa and the Middle East. Has a small part of its territory in the Middle East called Sinai Peninsula. 9 Partially recognized.
Immigration law
AmericasAsiaEuropeOceania
American Samoa11
Australia
Cook Islands9
Fiji
Guam11
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Micronesia
Nauru
New Zealand
Niue9
Northern Mariana Islands11
Palau
Papua New Guinea
Pitcairn Islands1
Samoa
Solomon Islands
Tokelau9
Tonga
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
1 British Overseas Territories. 2 Open border with Schengen Area. 3 Russia is a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. The majority of its population (80%) lives in European Russia, therefore Russia as a whole is included as a European country here. 4 Turkey is a transcontinental country in the Middle East and Southeast Europe. Has part of its territory (3%) in Southeast Europe called Turkish Thrace. 5 Azerbaijan (Artsakh) and Georgia (Abkhazia; South Ossetia) are transcontinental countries. Both have part of their territories in the European part of the Caucasus. 6 Kazakhstan is a transcontinental country. Has part of its territories located west of the Ural River in Eastern Europe. 7 Armenia and Cyprus (Northern Cyprus; Akrotiri and Dhekelia) are entirely in Southwest Asia but having socio-political connections with Europe. 8 Egypt is a transcontinental country in North Africa and the Middle East. Has part of its territory in the Middle East called Sinai Peninsula. 9 Part of the Realm of New Zealand. 10 Partially recognized. 11 Unincorporated territory of the United States. 12 Part of Norway, not part of the Schengen Area, special open-border status under Svalbard Treaty.
12 Part of the Kingdom of Denmark, not part of the Schengen Area.
